1. Overview of Adsorption Separation Process
Adsorption means that when a fluid (gas or liquid) is in contact with a solid porous substance, one or more components in the fluid are transferred to the outer surface of the porous substance and the inner surface of the micropores to enrich on these surfaces to form a monomolecular layer or multimolecules layer process.
The fluid being adsorbed is called the adsorbate, and the porous solid particles themselves are called the adsorbent.
Due to the different physical and chemical properties of the adsorbate and the adsorbent, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for different adsorbates is also different. With high adsorption selectivity, the components of the adsorption phase and the absorption phase can be enriched, so as to realize the separation of substances.
2. Adsorption/desorption process
Adsorption process: It can be considered as a process of concentration or as a process of liquefaction. Therefore, the lower the temperature and the higher the pressure, the greater the adsorption capacity. For all adsorbents, the more easily liquefied (higher boiling point) gases adsorbed more, and the less liquefiable (lower boiling point) gases adsorbed lower.
Desorption process: It can be considered as a process of gasification or volatilization. Therefore, the higher the temperature and the lower the pressure, the more complete the desorption. For all sorbents, more liquefied (higher boiling point) gases are less likely to desorb, and less liquefiable (lower boiling point) gases are more easily desorbed.